Water and fertilizer integrated irrigation technology

Israel is world-renowned for its miracle of transforming a "desert nation" into an "agricultural powerhouse." One of the key measures is the development of water-fertilizer integrated technology with high water and fertilizer utilization rates. Water-fertilizer integrated technology is a modern high-tech technology that integrates irrigation and fertilization, widely using computer-automated operations. These instruments and equipment are like the arteries and blood vessels of the human body, automatically, precisely, and continuously delivering water and fertilizer to the emitters, timely meeting the crops' needs for water and fertilizer. Its main working principle is to use a pressure irrigation system to deliver the nutrient solution, made by mixing soluble solid fertilizers or liquid fertilizers, together with irrigation water, evenly and accurately to the crop roots. Compared with traditional water and fertilizer application methods, water utilization efficiency is increased by 40%～60%, fertilizer utilization efficiency is increased by 30%～50%, while saving labor and time, which is conducive to large-scale planting.

Water-fertilizer integration

       Israel's drip irrigation pipelines are everywhere, whether in farmlands, orchards, parks, or even city avenues, residents' doorsteps, balcony flowerpots, or a single tree; drip irrigation systems are installed everywhere. Appropriate systems are used for various irrigation objects. Mobile micro-sprinkler irrigation or walking sprinkler irrigation is usually used in flat fields; drip irrigation is mostly used in slopes and mountains; drip irrigation and micro-sprinkler irrigation are used in facility cultivation; drip irrigation is used for landscaping trees, and underground sprinkler irrigation is used for lawns; large-hole trays and nutrient bags are used in forest seedling cultivation; all use substrate and micro-sprinkler seedling cultivation; in the southern desert areas of Israel with high evaporation, ground film drip irrigation is used to reduce ground evaporation. Drip irrigation is used in saline-alkali land irrigation, successfully preventing soil salinization at the root zone, and producing good fruits even in high-salt areas.

Shandong drip irrigation

     "Only fertilizing and watering the crops, not the land." This is the advanced concept of water and fertilizer application management in Israel. The specific methods are: directly delivering water and nutrients to the roots of the crops, facilitating absorption; low soil evaporation rate, preventing surface water and soil loss, and deep percolation; more effectively and accurately providing water and nutrients, plants receive equal amounts of water and nutrients; as an important means of achieving standardized agricultural products, providing water and nutrients according to the growth and harvest plan of crops, improving yield and quality; the system is simple to operate, saving water, fertilizer, and energy, while saving a lot of labor and reducing production costs; preventing surface soil erosion and salinization. The computer completes precise and reliable real-time control, executing a series of operating procedures. If the system records a certain deviation between the amount of water and fertilizer applied and the requirements, the system will automatically shut down the irrigation device to prevent incorrect irrigation. Sensors are installed in these systems that can help determine the required irrigation intervals and can monitor underground moisture information at any time. Another sensor detects changes in the stems and fruits of plants to determine the irrigation interval. Various sensors are directly connected to the computer, and when irrigation is needed, the automatic control instrument opens the irrigation system for operation. The amount of water and fertilizer in the irrigation system is controlled by the computer, which can identify leaks and blockages in the water pipes through changes in flow and pressure.